Amakuru

Ikibaho gisize amabara nicyatsi kibisi kandi cyangiza ibidukikije. Nigute ushobora guhitamo neza, kuyikoresha mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro, no kuzamura ubuzima bwa serivisi nicyo kibazo gihangayikishije cyane ba nyirubwite n'abubatsi. Baosteel, nk'uruganda rwuzuye rw'ibyuma, ifite uburambe bukomeye mu gukora no gukoresha amabara asize amabara. Module ya "Scientific Material Selection" itanga ibyifuzo bigufi no kumenyekanisha kubakoresha muguhitamo no gukoresha amabara asize amabara.
Guhitamo neza kw'ibara risize amabara bigomba gutekereza ku bidukikije, ibidukikije bikoreshwa, ubuzima bwashushanyije, n'ibiranga imiterere y'inyubako, kugirango uhitemo ubwoko bw'ibyuma, ibisobanuro, gutwikira, no gutwikira bihuye. Abubatsi, abafite ubwubatsi, hamwe nabatunganya batekereza imikorere yumutekano (kurwanya ingaruka, kurwanya imitingito, kurwanya umuriro, kurwanya umuyaga, kurwanya urubura), imikorere yo guturamo (kutirinda amazi, kubika amajwi, kubika), kuramba (kurwanya umwanda, kuramba, kugumana isura) , nubukungu (igiciro gito, gutunganya byoroshye, kubungabunga byoroshye, no gusimburwa byoroshye) byinyubako. Kubatanga ibyapa bisize amabara, iyi mitungo igomba guhindurwamo ibara ryometseho ibyuma byerekana ibyuma kandi byemewe. Imikorere isabwa yibyuma bisize ibyuma cyane cyane birimo ibikoresho bya mashini yibikoresho (imbaraga zingana, imbaraga zitanga umusaruro, kuramba), imikorere yo gutwikira (ubwoko bwa coating, uburebure bwa coating, hamwe na cohes adhesion), hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwikira (ubwoko bwa coating, ibara, gloss , kuramba, gutunganywa, nibindi). Muri byo, kurwanya umuyaga, kurwanya ingaruka, kurwanya urubura, kurwanya umutingito, nibindi byose bifitanye isano nubukanishi bwibikoresho, kandi byumvikane ko bifitanye isano nuburyo bwimivumba, uburebure, uburebure, hamwe nintera yibyapa byamabara yanditseho amabara. . Niba icyapa kibara amabara gikwiye cyatoranijwe kandi kigahuzwa hamwe nicyuma gikwiye cyerekana ibyuma, ntigishobora gusa guhura numutekano winyubako ahubwo kigabanya ibiciro byubwubatsi. Kuramba, imikorere yo gutunganya, no kugumana ibikoresho bigenwa ahanini nigihe kirekire cyo gutwikira no gutwikira.

Ubwoko butandukanye

Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bw'imyenda ikoreshwa mu byuma bisize amabara birimo ibara rya polyester (PE), fluorocarbon (PVDF), silicon yahinduwe (SMP), impuzu zo guhangana n’ikirere (HDP), acide acrylic, coating polyurethane (PU) , amashanyarazi ya plastike (PVC), nibindi

Polyester isanzwe (PE, Polyester)
PE igifuniko gifatika neza kubikoresho, kandi ibyuma bisize amabara byoroshye byoroshye gutunganya no gukora, bikoresha amafaranga menshi, kandi bifite ibicuruzwa byinshi. Hariho intera nini yo guhitamo amabara nuburabyo. Mugihe uhuye nibidukikije muri rusange, ubuzima bwayo bwo kurwanya ruswa bushobora kugera kumyaka 7-8. Nyamara, mubidukikije byinganda cyangwa ahantu handuye cyane, ubuzima bwa serivisi buzagabanuka. Nyamara, ibishishwa bya polyester ntabwo ari byiza kubirwanya UV no kurwanya ifu ya firime. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa ryimyambaro ya PE iracyakeneye kugarukira, kandi muri rusange rikoreshwa mubice bifite umwanda muke muke cyangwa ibicuruzwa bisaba kubumba no gutunganya byinshi.

Silicone Yahinduwe Polyester (SMP)
Bitewe no kuba hari amatsinda yitwara neza - OH / - COOH muri polyester, biroroshye kubyitwaramo nizindi polymers nibintu. Kugirango tunonosore urumuri rwizuba hamwe na pulverisation ya PE, silicone resin hamwe no kugumana amabara meza hamwe no kurwanya ubushyuhe bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutandukana. Ikigereranyo cyo gutandukana na PE gishobora kuba hagati ya 5% na 50%. SMP itanga uburebure bwiza kumasahani yicyuma, hamwe nubuzima bwo kurwanya ruswa kugeza kumyaka 10-12. Birumvikana ko igiciro cyacyo nacyo kiri hejuru ya PE, Nyamara, kubera guhuza no kudashimisha uburyo bwa Silicone resin kubikoresho, ibyuma bya SMP ibara ryometseho ibyuma ntibikwiriye mubihe bisaba inzira nyinshi, kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane kubaka ibisenge n'inkuta zo hanze.

Polyester irwanya ikirere kinini (HDP, polyester iramba)
Ku bijyanye n’ibitagenda neza bya PE na SMP, isosiyete yo mu Bwongereza HYDRA (ubu yaguzwe na BASF) hamwe n’isosiyete yo muri Suwede BECKER yateje impuzu ya HDP polyester mu ntangiriro za 2000 ishobora kugera ku kirere 60-80% irwanya ikirere cya PVDF, kandi ikaba isumba imyenda isanzwe ya silicon yahinduwe. . Kurwanya ikirere cyo hanze bigera kumyaka 15. Ikirere cyinshi kirwanya polyester resin ikomatanyirizwa hamwe ikoresheje monomers irimo imiterere ya cyclohexane kugirango igere ku buringanire hagati yimiterere, guhangana nikirere, nigiciro. Aromatic polyol na acide bikoreshwa mukugabanya kwinjiza urumuri rwa UV na resin, bigera ku kirere cyinshi cyo guhangana nikirere. Kwiyongera kumashanyarazi ya ultraviolet hamwe na amine (HALS) ya steric hindrance amine (HALS) muburyo bwo gutwika ibintu bituma irwanya ikirere cya firime irangi. Isoko ryinshi ryirinda polyester coil coing ryamenyekanye nisoko ryo hanze, kandi imikorere-yaryo iragaragara cyane.
PVC Plastisol
PVC resin ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya amazi no kurwanya imiti, kandi muri rusange itwikiriwe nibintu byinshi bikomeye, hamwe nuburinganire bwa 100-300 μ Hagati ya m, irashobora gutanga igipande cyiza cya PVC cyangwa kuvura urumuri nko gushushanya; Bitewe nuko PVC itwikiriye ni thermoplastique resin ifite uburebure bwa firime ndende, irashobora gutanga uburinzi bwiza kubibaho. Ariko PVC ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ubushyuhe. Mu minsi ya mbere, yakoreshwaga cyane mu Burayi, ariko kubera ibidukikije bidahwitse, ubu irakoreshwa gake.

PVDF fluorocarbon
Bitewe ningufu zikomeye zihuza imiti ihuza imiti ya PVDF, igifuniko gifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa no kugumana amabara. Nibicuruzwa byateye imbere mubikorwa byubwubatsi byamabara asize ibyuma bisize ibyuma, bifite uburemere bunini bwa molekile hamwe nuburyo bugororotse. Kubwibyo, usibye kurwanya imiti, imiterere yubukanishi, kurwanya UV, no kurwanya ubushyuhe nabyo ni ngombwa

Guhitamo primer, hari ibintu bibiri byingenzi. Imwe ni ukuzirikana gufatana hagati ya primer na topcoat, kimwe na substrate. Ikindi nuko primer itanga igice kinini cyo kurwanya ruswa. Urebye, epoxy resin niyo guhitamo neza. Niba urebye guhinduka no kurwanya UV, polyurethane primer nayo irashobora guhitamo.
Kubitwikiriye inyuma, guhitamo neza nuguhitamo ibice bibiri, aribyo igipande kimwe cyinyuma primer hamwe nigice kimwe cyinyuma yimbere, niba ibara ryometseho ibyuma biri muburyo bumwe. Primer n'imbere bifite ubwoko bumwe, kandi ikote ryo hejuru rigomba kuba rifite ibara ryoroshye (nka cyera) polyester. Niba ibara ryometseho icyuma kiri muburyo bwa sandwich, birahagije gushira igipande cya epoxy resin hamwe no kwangirika kwangirika inyuma.
Kugeza ubu, hari ibyapa byinshi bifata ibyuma bisize ibyuma, nk'ibara rya antibacterial coating, anti-static coating color, colasique yamashanyarazi, gutwika ibara ryonyine, n'ibindi. Iterambere ryibicuruzwa rigamije guhuza ibyifuzo byihariye bikenewe. abakoresha, ariko rimwe na rimwe ntibishoboka kuringaniza indi mikorere yibicuruzwa bisize amabara. Kubwibyo, mugihe abakoresha bahisemo ibara ryimyenda isize ibyuma, bagomba kuba basobanutse kubyo bakeneye byukuri.