Amakuru

Ese hazaba amashanyarazi?
Bizatera imvune abarwayi cyangwa abakozi bo kwa muganga?
Irashobora gusukurwa nyuma yo gukoreshwa? Ntabwo bizubahiriza ibisabwa by isuku?

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Hariho ibibazo bitari bike ibitaro byinshi bitekereza mugihe cyo gufata icyemezo cyo kuzamura ibitaro byabo kuburiri bwibitaro byamashanyarazi. Inganda zidasanzwe zisabwa mu nganda zita ku buvuzi zemeza ko uburiri bw’amashanyarazi cyangwa ubuforomo butari ibikoresho. Ahubwo, uburiri bwamashanyarazi bufite ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nigice cyibikoresho byubuvuzi byumwuga bishobora gufasha abarwayi gukira vuba, bityo ibitaro byiyongera.
Birumvikana ko gukora sisitemu ikora amashanyarazi yujuje cyangwa irenze ibyateganijwe munganda zubuzima ntabwo ari umurimo woroshye.
Hano haribisubizo kubibazo byinshi bishobora guhura nibitanda byamashanyarazi.

Amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi
Kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, kwirinda amazi no kwirinda umuriro ni ibintu byingenzi byumutekano. Mubikoresho byubuvuzi, ibisabwa byisuku cyane bituma gukaraba byoroshye kandi byoroshye.
Kubireba ibisabwa byo gukingira umuriro, turagenzura cyane ibikoresho fatizo muguhitamo sisitemu ikoresha amashanyarazi, tugahitamo ibikoresho byamashanyarazi byujuje ubuziranenge kandi byizewe nibikoresho byumutekano. Muri icyo gihe, menya neza ko ibikoresho fatizo byatsinze ibizamini byo kwirinda umuriro.
Ku bijyanye no kwirinda amazi, ntabwo yishimiye kubahiriza igipimo cy’amazi adakoreshwa n’amazi muri iki gihe gikoreshwa mu nganda, ariko cyatangije igipimo cyacyo cyo hejuru kitagira amazi. Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yujuje ubuziranenge yagenewe guhangana nimyaka myinshi yo koza imashini.
Ibyago byo gusenyuka ku buriri bivuga kugwa ku buryo butunguranye ku gitanda cy’ibitaro by’amashanyarazi mugihe cyo gukoresha, bizatera ibikomere bikomeye abarwayi n’abakozi b’ubuvuzi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mugitangiriro cyigishushanyo, amashanyarazi yose twahisemo yakoresheje inshuro 2,5 zisabwa umutwaro wagenwe, bivuze ko igipimo nyacyo cyo gutwara imizigo cyikubye inshuro 2,5 kurenza igipimo cyagenwe cyo gutwara ibintu.
Usibye ubwo burinzi buremereye, icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi gifite kandi feri nimbuto yumutekano kugirango uburiri bwibitaro byamashanyarazi butagwa kubwimpanuka. Igikoresho cyo gufata feri kirashobora gufunga ihuriro rya turbine mu cyerekezo cya feri kugirango utezimbere ubushobozi bwo kwifungisha; mugihe umutobe wumutekano ushobora kwihanganira umutwaro kandi ukemeza ko inkoni yo gusunika ishobora kumanuka neza kandi buhoro mugihe ibinyomoro nyamukuru byangiritse kugirango birinde impanuka.
gukomeretsa umuntu ku giti cye
Igice cyose cyimuka cyimashini zitwara ibyago byo gukomeretsa kubakozi. Amashanyarazi yo gusunika amashanyarazi hamwe na anti-pinch (Spline) itanga gusa imbaraga zo gusunika ariko ntizikurura imbaraga. Ibi byemeza ko mugihe inkoni yo gusunika isubiye inyuma, ibice byumubiri wumuntu bigumye hagati yimigendere bitazangirika.
Imyaka y'uburambe yatwemereye kumva neza igikwiye kwitabwaho muguhitamo ibikoresho nibikoresho bya mashini. Muri icyo gihe, ikizamini gihoraho nacyo cyemeza ko izo ngaruka zishobora kugabanuka.
Nigute igipimo cyibicuruzwa bitarenze 0.04% bigerwaho?
Ibisabwa ku gipimo cy’ibicuruzwa biri munsi ya 400PPM, ni ukuvuga ko kuri buri miriyoni y'ibicuruzwa, hari ibicuruzwa bitageze kuri 400, kandi igipimo gifite inenge kiri munsi ya 0.04%. Ntabwo ari mubikorwa byamashanyarazi gusa, iki nigisubizo cyiza cyane mubikorwa byinganda. Ihuriro ry'umusaruro, intsinzi ku isi n'ubuhanga byemeza ko ibicuruzwa na sisitemu byacu bifite umutekano kandi byizewe.
Mu bihe biri imbere, sisitemu ikoresha amashanyarazi izakomeza gusaba amahame yo hejuru kubicuruzwa na sisitemu kugirango umutekano wabo wizere.